Genetic Drift
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It gets Complicated
Phenotypic plasticity when there is an organism that has different phenotypes that are in different environments. For example when 2 squirrels have the same genotype but one is in one environment but will change to adapt to the new environment over time.
Genotypes and Phenotypes
Selection can be decided on by phenotype . Physical characteristics can always be altered so that a species can evolve and have a better chance at survival. When an organism is able to survive then it can produce more offspring and evolve into a better species.
Fitness and Selection
Absolute Fitness is an average number of descendants one organism has over that organisms lifetime. As for relative fitness it is when an organism has the highest amount of decendents compared to other organisms. So the equation for relative fitness is absolute fitness divided by the average fitness. Positive selection is when a population of an organism goes through mutations to become more successful. In this example below over time the brown caterpillars start to produce more decensdants and come the dominant species over the purple caterpillars.